宁波人口老龄化问题及其对策分析

本文以东部宁波地区的人口老龄化情况为例进行了调查,同时对调查数据进行了一定的分析,并提出了合理化建议。     

退休人口再就业决策的影响因素研究 ——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据

夯实财富储备,改善劳动力有效供给是积极应对人口老龄化的重要措施。本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,全面考察了退休人口再就业的动因,着重分析享受养老待遇和养老待遇水平对退休人口再就业决策的影响。实证结果表明:享受养老待遇对退休人口再就业产生负激励效应;养老待遇水平提高会明显降低退休人口再就业的可能性;个人负债占资产比重越大,退休老年人再就业概率越高;配偶退休、年龄增大、健康状况差会显著降低退休人口再就业概率。对此,本文提出以下建议:适当延迟退休年龄,增加老年人口经济收入;养老保险制度应兼顾保障性和劳动力市场功能;构建老年就业服务体系,保障老年就业权利。     

纸张复卷机的设计造型与仿真

本论文介绍了下引纸复卷机的方案,针对关键部件底辊进行了设计计算,用UG软件完成了整机三维造型,并结合3DSMAX实现了复卷过程的仿真。     

中国老龄人口生存状况之窥视——以京郊密云县为例

中国老龄人口的生存状况一直是政府和学术界所关注的问题,而北京又是全国人口老龄化较为严重的城市之一。本文以密云县老龄人口群体作为研究对象,运用问卷和访谈的调查方法,分析当地老龄人口的收入与支出状况、生活和健康及医疗状况,结果表明：当地老龄人口的文化程度、经济收入普遍较低,且其收入构成多样化、城乡养老及医疗保障差别大、慢性病患病率高、情感需求得不到有效满足,其根源主要在于老龄事业滞后于社会经济发展、城乡养老保险政策差异大、医疗保障起点低等,进而提出了提高对老龄化问题的认识、建立健全相关政策法规、完善养老保障体系、加强社区卫生服务、做好老年福利设施建设规划、积极发展老龄产业等对策与建议。     

A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event

This paper proposes a monitoring framework to be used during the planning stage for a sports mega-event. The research identifies a lack of monitoring and evaluation studies during the development stage for sports mega-events. Importantly, it notes the absence of research which evaluates an event systematically from the outset of the process and from the perspectives of host residents and event planners. The framework was developed on the basis of the philosophical approach of pragmatism; it focused on a sustainable development perspective, and it was applied to a case study of the Kaohsiung 2009 World Games. A survey of the views of 606 host residents about the potential impacts of the event revealed that the respondents tended to show higher levels of agreement on the host benefits. The results of 38 interviews with various stakeholders indicated big gaps in both the city's long-term development aspirations and the Games themselves and also in the event strategies adopted. Using this information, key sustainability issues can be identified and monitored during the event planning stage so that the desirable outcomes of events can be enhanced and then sustained in the longer term.     

贵阳市老龄休闲度假产业开发的SWOT分析

贵阳市发展老龄休闲度假产业的SWOT分析,即从老龄休闲度假产业开发的优势、劣势、机遇、威胁等方面对贵阳市老年旅游发展的资源条件、要素投入、度假产品、宣传力度、发展趋势等内容进行分析。发展贵阳市老龄休闲度假产业,应树立贵阳市老龄休闲度假旅游目的地意识,加快休闲度假名城建设;设计老龄旅游产品,确定旅游细分市场;整合资源,提高旅游产品的市场知名度和吸引力。     

人口老龄化背景下养老保险制度面临的挑战及对策

21世纪在人口年龄结构上的显著特征就是人口老龄化,在此背景下,老年抚养比上升,退休寿命增加导致的基金支付期限延长,离退休费用刚性攀升和我国板块化的制度结构都构成了养老保险制度面临的挑战。因此为了应对挑战,研究相应的对策显得必要和迫切。     

Older Men's Perceptions of Leisure and Aging

As the North American population ages, detailed research will be needed to understand the leisure experiences of older adults. The purpose of this study is to explore perceptions of leisure and aging among a sample of older Canadian men. Data were collected among 15 men aged 60–70 using individual interviews and follow-up focus groups. Data were analyzed thematically and four themes emerged: the interplay between leisure and work, the desire to “give back” to family or to the community through leisure, the individual purpose of leisure choices, and viewing constraints as a reflection of priorities rather than as barriers.     

Learning Sustainability? Absorptive capacities as drivers of sustainability in MNCs’ purchasing

MNCs are expected to operate in a sustainable fashion. Implementation of sustainability requires the ability to acknowledge external (sustainability-related) knowledge, and to apply it in intra-company activities such as purchasing. We focus on absorptive capacities as potential drivers of sustainability, and investigate the effect that a purchasing function’s capacity to absorb and process knowledge has on social and environmental sustainability practices, and subsequently on economic performance in purchasing. We compare MNCs and non-MNCs using a structural equation model of a large set of survey data from four European countries and find that only realized absorptive capacities impact sustainability practices in purchasing and this impact is smaller in MNCs than in other companies. We suggest that companies respond to the demand for sustainability by strengthening their implementation capabilities: the potential to acquire and transform knowledge within a purchasing function is less relevant, and what matters is its application.     

Demographic Shock and Social Security: A Political Economy Perspective

We assume that individual voters differ not only according to age but also productivity. In the steady state, workers with wages in the intermediate range join the retired persons to form a majority and vote for a positive level of social security. When a shock decreases population growth, entrenched interests can constrain majority voting decisions and prevent reforms in the name of entitlements. We show that from a Rawlsian viewpoint it may be desirable to rely on these entitlements to protect the low wage earners of the transition generations. However, when the possibility of fixing a basic pension is introduced, it constitutes a better instrument than entitlements.